10 October 2026 · 4 min
Why a certificate has to be lot-specific, not product-specific
A product-level spec sheet and a lot-specific certificate of analysis answer different questions — only one of them describes the vial you actually received.
Research notes
Reading the lab.
How to read a certificate, prepare a stock solution and tell a serious supplier from the rest. For in-vitro research only.
29 September 2026 · 6 min
Incretin-pathway peptides: what the research literature studies
A plain overview of GLP-1, GIP, glucagon and amylin receptor pharmacology as it appears in published preclinical research.
16 September 2026 · 4 min
Calculating stock solution concentration after reconstitution
The arithmetic behind turning a lyophilised vial into a known-concentration stock solution for an assay — no guessing, just mass and volume.
2 September 2026 · 5 min
How to read a peptide certificate of analysis
What RP-HPLC purity and ESI-MS identity actually tell you, and the two numbers worth checking before you trust a lot.